Disadvantages
Large size, high ESR, significant inductive reactance, and sensitivity to temperature changes.
Applicable Scenarios
Suitable for environments with minimal temperature variation and low operating frequencies (<25kHz).
Temperature Effect on Lifespan
When the ambient temperature increases by 10°C, the chemical reaction rate (K value) increases by 2 to 10 times. Consequently, for every 10°C rise in operating temperature, the capacitor's lifespan is halved, and for every 10°C drop, its lifespan doubles.
Voltage Rating
Ensure that Vdc+Vripple<90%× rated voltage.
PCB Placement
Install the capacitor on the top side of the PCB whenever possible. No traces other than ground should pass directly beneath it.
Charging/Discharging
Do not use aluminum electrolytic capacitors in applications requiring rapid charge and discharge cycles.
Lifespan Consideration
Choose standard models (1,000Hr~5,000Hr) for general applications and long-life models for high-end applications.
Capacity Margin
To account for capacity degradation over time, ensure an additional 20% capacitance margin.
Voltage Derating
3.3V system → 10V capacitor
5V system → 10V capacitor
12V system → 25V capacitor
24V system → 50V capacitor
48V system → 100V capacitor
Proximity to Heat Sources
Be cautious when selecting aluminum electrolytic capacitors near heat-generating components.
Filtering Circuits
Select capacitors with voltage ratings 1.2–1.5 times the peak voltage (circuit rated voltage + noise overlay).
Surge Voltage
The surge voltage should be 1.3 times the rated voltage.
Derating Standards
Follow GJB/Z 35 "Component Derating Guidelines" for derating criteria.
Operating Temperature
Aluminum electrolytic capacitors must have a 105°C operating temperature rating.
Capacitance Selection
Prefer 10µF, 22µF, 47µF series. Avoid capacitance values such as 224, 105, 475 for voltages below 25V (use multilayer ceramic capacitors or tantalum electrolytic capacitors instead).
Polarity
Retain polarized aluminum electrolytic capacitors for high-voltage applications (e.g., 400V). Do not use non-polarized aluminum electrolytic capacitors.
Brand Preference
Use mainstream brands such as NCC, Rubycon, UF Capacitors, etc.
Package Type
Prefer surface-mount aluminum electrolytic capacitors whenever possible.
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