Chip Capacitor COG,X7R,Y5V,X5R,NPO Dielectric Difference

In the field of electronic engineering, the application of chip capacitors is extremely common, and the dielectric material of the capacitor directly affects its performance and stability. Capacitors with different dielectric materials are suitable for different application environments and circuit requirements, so understanding their differences is critical to the design and reliability of electronic products.

 

The EIA standard categorizes chip capacitors (MLCCs) with different dielectric materials into three classes according to their temperature stability. Among them, the dielectric materials for the ultra-stable class (Class I) include COG or NPO, the dielectric material for the stable class (Class II) is X7R, and the dielectric material for the capable class (Class III) is Y5V.

 

COG (or known as NPO) capacitors belong to the ultra-stable class of materials, which are characterized by temperature-compensated characteristics and very stable capacitance and dielectric loss. In the temperature range from -55°C to +125°C, COG capacitors have a very small change in capacitance of 0±30ppm/°C and a change in capacitance with frequency of less than ±0.3ΔC. COG capacitors are typically used in high-precision applications, such as slot capacitors in oscillators, resonators, and coupling capacitors in high-frequency circuits.COG capacitors are suited for applications with high requirements for precision and stability. The X7R capacitors are stabilizing capacitors.

 

The X7R capacitor, on the other hand, is a stabilized grade material and is a temperature stabilized ceramic capacitor. It has a capacity variation of 15% over the temperature range of -55°C to +125°C, but it should be noted that this variation is non-linear. The capacity of the X7R capacitor also varies with time, voltage and frequency, with a variation of approximately 1% ΔC every 10 years, for a total variation of approximately 5%. The main advantage of X7R capacitors is that they can be made larger in capacity for the same volume, making them particularly suitable for applications where space is limited.

 

NPO (COG) capacitors can have an accuracy of 5% due to their temperature compensation characteristics, but are not suitable for too high a capacitance. They are usually used for LCD modules in portable electronics, such as cell phones, PDAs, etc., as well as in applications where high accuracy and stability are required.

 

Y5V capacitors are energy grade materials with large temperature dependence and high dielectric constant. In the temperature range of -30°C to 85°C, the capacity of Y5V capacitors can vary from +22% to -82%. The advantage is the ability to fabricate capacitors with high capacitance values, such as up to 4.7 μF, in smaller physical dimensions. However, this dielectric material has relatively low capacity stability and accuracy and is suitable for applications that are not sensitive to temperature variations, such as decoupling circuits.

 

Z5U capacitors are similar to Y5V and also belong to the energy grade material.The capacity of Z5U capacitors is greatly affected by temperature and operating conditions, and the aging rate can be up to 5% decline every 10 years, but its small size, low cost and good frequency response make it have a wide range of applications.Z5U capacitors are suitable for applications that do not require very high accuracy and stability, such as decoupling circuits.

 

Different dielectric materials determine key parameters such as capacitance, stability, frequency characteristics and temperature characteristics of capacitors. When selecting capacitors, users must determine the capacitor's dielectric type according to the specific requirements in the circuit, the working environment and tolerance needs to ensure the performance and reliability of electronic products.

In practical applications where there is a specific need for capacitor stability, accuracy or capacitance, engineers need to carefully consider the differences between different materials and select the most suitable capacitor type. For example, in oscillator circuits that require very high stability, NPO capacitors should be preferred, while X7R capacitors can be considered for applications that require a small size and do not require high temperature stability. For applications with stringent size requirements, X5R and Y5V capacitors are favored for their high dielectric constant and capacitance value. In cost-sensitive products, Z5U capacitors are advantageous due to their low cost and small size. Understanding the characteristics of capacitors with different dielectric materials can help engineers make more rational choices and improve product design quality and performance.

 

UF Capacitors supply high quality multilayer ceramic capacitors (MLCC) with different dielectrics X7R,X5R,NPO,etc.widely used in the fields of telecommunication, security, IoT, industrial etc.

 

 

Below are we UF Capacitors cross reference.

 

Photo	Descriptiom	UF Capacitors' Series Code	Vishay	TDK/Epcos	Murata	AVX/Mallory	Kemet/Arcotronics
	CT41 Chip Multilayer Ceramic Capacitors 4V to 6KV	CT41 Series	VJ0201 Series VJ0402 Series VJ0603 Series VJ0805 Series	C1005 Series C1608 Series C2012 Series C3216 Series C3225 Series C4532 Series C5750 Series	GRM Series	0603 Series 0805 Series 1206 Series 1210 Series	C0201 Series C0402 Series C0603 Series

 

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