What is the function of electrolytic capacitor
Electrolytic capacitors are widely used in household appliances and various electronic products. Polarized electrolytic capacitors usually play the roles of power supply filtering, decoupling, signal coupling, time constant setting, and DC isolation in power supply circuits or intermediate and low frequency circuits. Non-polar electrolytic capacitors are usually used in speaker crossover circuits, TVS correction circuits and single-phase motor starting circuits. The functions of electrolytic capacitors are mainly divided into the following categories:
1) DC isolation - its function is to prevent DC from passing through and allow AC to pass through.
2) Filtering----In the power circuit, the rectifier circuit turns AC into pulsating DC, and a larger-capacity electrolytic capacitor is connected after the rectifier circuit, and its charge and discharge characteristics (energy storage effect) are used to make the rectifier The final pulsating DC voltage becomes a relatively stable DC voltage.
3) Coupling effect - In the process of transmission and amplification of low-frequency signals, in order to prevent the static operating points of the front and rear circuits from affecting each other, capacitive coupling is often used. Serves as a connection between two circuits, allowing AC signals to pass through and be transmitted to the next circuit.
4) Bypass - Provides a low-impedance path for certain parallel components in the AC circuit.
5) Energy storage - stores electrical energy and releases it when necessary.
6) Temperature compensation - Compensate for the impact of other components' insufficient adaptability to temperature to improve the stability of the circuit.
7) Tuning——System tuning of frequency-related circuits, such as mobile phones, radios, and televisions.
Why should electrolytic capacitors be activated?
If the electrolytic capacitor is left for too long, how to activate the electrolytic capacitor has become a key factor in its service life. If a large-capacity electrolytic capacitor is left for half a year or more than one year, it must be activated before it can be used again, otherwise it will cause damage or damage. Use fate.
How to activate old electrolytic capacitors
Use a multimeter to measure the electrolytic capacitor to be activated. When the forward resistance is zero or very small, it means that the electrolytic capacitor has broken down and is scrapped. All other electrolytic capacitors can be activated.
After welding the electrolytic capacitor, first apply half voltage. Taking the 450V electrolytic capacitor as an example, the mains voltage can be adjusted to 130V. At this time, the DC voltage at both ends of the electrolytic capacitor is about 130Vx1.4=180V, and it should be activated for 24 hours.
Then disconnect the AC power supply, use a 5W300Ω resistor to connect both ends of the electrolytic capacitor to discharge, be sure to discharge it completely.
Use a capacitance meter to measure the recovery of capacity. Generally, it can recover about 60%. If the capacity has not been restored at all, it can be basically judged that the electrolytic capacitor has been broken and damaged.
Adjust the voltage to 220V. At this time, the DC voltage at both ends of the electrolytic capacitor is about 220Vx1.4=300V. Continue activation for 24 hours. At this time, the capacity can be restored to 90% to 100%.
Adjust the voltage to 350V. At this time, the DC voltage across the electrolytic capacitor is about 350Vx1.4=490V. Continue to activate. 48 hours or 72 hours. There is no limit to the number of electrolytic capacitors activated each time.
Electrolytic capacitors that have undergone the above activation treatment can generally be restored to their nominal capacity, and their leakage is extremely small.
How to activate large-capacity electrolytic capacitors
1. Add 20% of the rated voltage, work for 1 hour, then cut off the power and discharge;
2. Apply 40% of the rated voltage, work for 1 hour, then cut off the power and discharge;
3. Apply 60% of the rated voltage, work for 1 hour, then cut off the power and discharge;
4. Apply 80% of the rated voltage, work for 1 hour, then cut off the power and discharge;
5. Apply 100% of the rated voltage, work for 1 hour, then cut off the power and discharge.
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TCK SMD Aluminum Electrolytic Capacitor 105°C
TLZ SMD Aluminum Electrolytic Capacitor Low impedance
TKZ SMD Aluminum Electrolytic Capacitor Extremely Low Impedance
TFZ SMD Aluminum Electrolytic Capacitor Extremely Low Impedance Long life
TCP SMD Aluminum Electrolytic Capacitor High Voltage Long life 85°C 3000H
TCH SMD Aluminum Electrolytic Capacitor High Voltage Long Life 105°C 3000H
THU SMD Aluminum Electrolytic Capacitor High Voltage Long Life 105°C 5000H
TKH SMD Aluminum Electrolytic Capacitor High Temperature 125°C
TEL SMD Aluminum Electrolytic Capacitor Long life Assurance 3000H
TKL SMD Aluminum Electrolytic Capacitor Long life Assurance 5000H
TSC SMD Aluminum Electrolytic Capacitor Low Leakage Current
TCN SMD Aluminum Electrolytic Capacitor Non Polarized 85°C
TKP SMD Aluminum Electrolytic Capacitor Non Polarized 105°C
